SAT

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SAT Sperm aneuploidy test

Analysis of chromosomal abnormalities in sperm

Results in two weeks

SAT provides personalized genetic counseling to the infertile couple before an IVF treatment

2,000 spermatozoon analyzed for each chromosome

What is SAT test?

> The Sperm Aneuploidy Test (SAT) is a test to study the genetic factor of male infertility.

> It allows for the evaluation of the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes (aneuploidy and diploidy) in the sperm.

> The chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X and Y, are most frequently implicated in spontaneous miscarriages and affected offspring with chromosomal abnormalities. In SAT, these chromosomes are analysed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

What is the procedure?

Why should use SAT test?

An increase of sperm chromosomal abnormalities affects your reproductive journey at three levels:

EMBRYO LEVEL:

> Spermatozoa with sex chromosome abnormalities results in aneuploid embryos

> Diploid sperm results in triploid embryos

PREGNANCY LEVEL:

> An altered SAT decreases pregnancy rate after ICSI and increases miscarriage rate

OFFSPRING LEVEL:

> Sperm chromosomal abnormalities increase the risk of abnormal offspring for the chromosomes affected in the sperm (Down, Klinefelter or Turner’s Syndromes)

Who should use SAT test?

> Men with a low sperm concentration, who typically have a higher incidence of sperm chromosome abnormalities

> Couples who have suffered recurrent miscarriage of unknown origin

> Couples who have experienced repeated implantation failure

> Couples with a previous pregnancy with a chromosomal abnormality

Test limitations

> This technique allows the detection of aneuploidy only for the chromosomes included in the test (13, 18, 21, X and Y).

> In very few ejaculated samples or testicular samples, there is not enough spermatozoa for a proper estimation of the risk of aneuploidy.

NACE

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NACE Non-invasive prenatal test

Non-invasive prenatal screening helps to avoid unnecessary amniocentesis

Highest informativity rate in the market: we obtain results for 99.9% of the analyzed samples

Available from week 10 of pregnancy

Reduces unnecessary amniocentesis

What is NACE?

NACE is a non-invasive prenatal screening test for the most frequent chromosomal abnormalities. The test is non-invasive, meaning that there is no risk to the fetus.

A simple blood draw from the mother allows free fetal DNA circulating in the maternal bloodstream to be detected via next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology and our proprietary bioinformatic analysis tool.

Methodology

What does NACE detect?

> NACE detects abnormalities in chromosomes 21, 18, 13 and the most common anomalies in the sexual chromosomes (X and Y).

> NACE 24 analyzes all chromosomes

> NACE 24 Extended analyzes all 24 chromosomes and identifies microdeletions associated with 6 major genetic syndromes.

NACE can be used for:

> Single pregnancies

> Twin pregnancies

> Can give results with fetal fraction under 4%

> Natural conception

> IVF

> Egg donation

> Women of all ages

> Women of all ethnicities

> Women of all body mass index

> Suitable for cases of consanguinity

Why use a non-invasive prenatal test

> Prevent the need for 98% of invasive tests in patients at risk for trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome)

> Reduces the number of miscarriages caused by amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

> Can give results with fetal fraction under 4%

> NACE has the highest informativity rate in the market: we obtain results for 99.9% of the analyzed samples

> NACE Extended 24 incorporates the detection of all 24 chromosomes and identifies five microdeletions that are associated with major genetic syndromes

> More reliable than 1st trimester combined screening. The false positive rates of conventional tests, including biochemical screening, mean that 1 in every 20 women who test positive for Down syndrome will actually be carrying a healthy baby.

> Avoid a false sense of security: Of every 20 women carrying a baby with Down syndrome, 3 will test negative by biochemical screening.

Who is NACE suitable for?

Several scientific studies support the use of non-invasive prenatal testing for all pregnant women.

> An abnormal result in their first-trimester screen.

> A previous Down´s syndrome pregnancy

> A suspicious ultrasound finding.

Test Limitations

> cfDNA screening is considered a screening test and not a diagnostic test. 

> False non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPT) results: fetoplacental mosaicism, maternal chromosomal abnormalities, vanishing twin syndrome and/or errors associated with the procedures. 

> Low-molecular-weight heparin can interfere with the analysis. If the patient is taking heparin during pregnancy, the recommendation is to perform the blood draw before heparin administration. 

WES

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WES Whole Exome Sequencing

Complete DNA test to identify mutations in over 24,000 genes related to complex genetic problems

+14.000 clinical exomes since 2015

Advanced NGS technology

Quality reporting

What is WES test?

Most of disease-causing mutations occur in the exome. Exome has 1.7 percent of a human genome that encodes proteins. Thus, Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) is:

> Highly extensive to identify genetic mutations or alterations in DNA that may not have been picked in earlier genetic tests.

> Couples can plan their family through this genetic diagnosis and eliminate their chances of having an affected child. This information can be useful for other members in the same family as well.

> Advanced NGS (Next Generation Sequencing) technology is used to determine the information obtained from millions of DNA fragments.

> Performed +14.000 clinical exomes since 2015

> Managing more than 650 tests per month and more than 350 exomes particularly in UAE

> Large experience in wet lab and bioinformatics with Arabic database definition

> More than 20 years of experience

> CAP Accredited

What is the procedure?

Why use WES test?

An exome sequencing study can identify:

> Numerous mutations or changes in the DNA that can result in an affected child in the patient’s family.

> The main indication of exome sequencing is to characterize an unmapped monogenic genetic disease present in a descendant, recognized as an index patient.

> The WES test aims to identify a mutation that explains the symptoms associated with a typically hereditary disease.

> Most advanced methodology, NGS is used to obtain the information from millions of DNA fragments corresponding to over 24.000 genes that consists of a set of molecular biology and bioinformatics analysis tools.

> An additional 6 genes such as Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Fragile X, Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA), Hemophilia A, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), Spinocerebellar Ataxia (types to be determined) are done on Sanger Sequencing to assure the accuracy and consistency of the WES.

Who should use WES test?

> Couples who plan on forming a family and want to know the risk of transmitting hereditary disorders to their children

> Patients planning an assisted reproduction treatment

> Patients planning a treatment with donor sperm or eggs

Most carriers of genetic mutations don’t have a family history of these disorders.

Results

This technique allows the detection of aneuploidy only for the chromosomes included in the test (13, 18, 21, X and Y). In very few ejaculated samples or testicular samples, there is not enough spermatozoa for a proper estimation of the risk of aneuploidy.

> Positive

The tested person carries a mutation in a particular gene. The test should be carried out in the other member of the couple

> Negative

A negative result indicates that the person doesn’t carry any of the mutations studied.
There is still a small risk of carrying another mutation not analyzed by the test.

POC

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POC Products of Conception

Studies fetal tissue from a lost pregnancy to investigate whether the miscarriage was the result of chromosomal aneuploidy

50% of first trimester pregnancy losses are due to chromosomal abnormalities

For assisted reproduction patients, 60% of first trimester pregnancy losses are due to chromosomal abnormalities

Reliable results are obtained in 99% of cases

What is POC?

The POC test analyzes fetal tissues from a miscarriage to determine if the lost pregnancy was the result of a chromosomal aneuploidy.

This test can provide you an important information about the possible causes of your patient’s miscarriage to help them to plan any future pregnancy.

Methodology

Why use POC test?

The genetic study of fetal tissue is a valuable tool to determine the cause of the miscarriage, which enables appropriate reproductive counseling for the couple.

> Results are obtained in 99% of cases.

> Results are available in 10 working days as cell culture is not required.

> 24 chromosomes are screened to identify the reason for miscarriage.

> Can be performed on twin pregnancies.

> Our test discerns between maternal and fetal tissue using DNA fingerprinting (STR Technology).

> NGS has higher resolution than a conventional karyotype.

Who should use POC test?

POC is recommended for all couples who have suffered a miscarriage, but is essential for couples who have experienced recurring spontaneous abortions and those undergoing assisted reproduction treatments.

Test limitations

This technique does not detect balanced structural chromosomal abnormalities and may not detect: low-level mosaic aneuploidy, triploid/tetraploid chromosomes, uniparental disomy, deletions or duplications under 10 Mb.

PGT-SR

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PGT-SR Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Structural Rearrangements

Our most advanced test designed for couples where one or both of the partners carries a known balanced structural rearrangement in their chromosomes

Custom and validated in-house NGS technology

Proprietary Artificial
Intelligence algorithm

Detection of chromosomal imbalances ≥ 6MB with 98% accuracy

What is PGT-SR?

> The Preimplantation genetic testing for Structural Rearrangements (PGT-SR), is a test performed on embryo biopsies to screen embryos for chromosomal imbalances (extra or missing chromosome material) resulting from a parental structural rearrangement.

> In addition to screening for imbalances resulting from a parental structural rearrangement, PGT-SR also detects numerical chromosome abnormalities (aneuploidies). PGT-SR would be able to detect all of the same chromosome imbalances that would be assessed by PGT-A.

What is a Balanced Structural Rearrangement?

 

> A balanced structural rearrangement, such as translocation or inversion, involves a change in chromosome structure without gains or losses in chromosome material.​

> A translocation is a type of chromosomal rearrangement that occurs when genetic material is exchanged between two chromosomes. An inversion occurs when a chromosome segment is flipped within the chromosome.

> Typically, a balanced structural rearrangement does not cause health concerns in carriers. However, a carrier of a balanced rearrangement has a higher risk of producing embryos with an unbalanced structural rearrangement (gain and/or loss of chromosome segments), which may lead to infertility, failed implantation, pregnancy loss, or the birth of a child with developmental delays and multiple congenital anomalies.​

> Children who inherit the balanced structural rearrangement from their carrier parent are not expected to have health concerns. ​

  • PGT-SR increases the probability of selecting a chromosomally normal (without the parental chromosomal rearrangement) or balanced (with the same parental chromosomal rearrangement) embryo for transfer, thus leading to improved assisted reproduction techniques (ART) outcomes. 

PGT-SR can be used for different types of structural rearrangements including:

Balanced reciprocal translocation:

Occurs when segments from two chromosomes have been broken and exchanged. Each chromosome in the pair now has a segment of material from the other chromosome, in place of the original segment without gains or losses in genetic material.

Inversion:

Occurs when a segment within the chromosome has ‘flipped over,’ and is now in an inverted orientation.

Robertsonian translocation:

This is a specific type of translocation, which occurs between acrocentric chromosomes (i.e. chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22). Instead of swapping segments, the long arm of the two chromosomes fuse together to form a single chromosome.

> In order to determine whether PGT-SR can be offered, Igenomix will need to review the karyotype confirming the specific rearrangement that a member of the couple carries. The ordering provider should submit the karyotype report to Igenomix for PGT-SR case review.

> In rare cases, Igenomix may need to perform a preliminary analysis, to confirm PGT-SR is feasible. A DNA sample from the partner who carries the structural rearrangement would be required.

> Once Igenomix has completed the case review and confirmed that PGT-SR can be offered, embryo biopsy samples can be sent to Igenomix for PGT-SR analysis. Probe development is not required.

> Our innovative methodology integrates a custom and in-house Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology with a sophisticated internally validated algorithm for bioinformatic analysis.

> Screening for sporadic aneuploidies is also performed to identify embryos with numerical chromosome aneuploidies not associated with the parental chromosomal rearrangement. Since general aneuploidy screening is included, separate PGT-A testing is not required.

> The MitoScore test can also be performed to identify embryos that could have a greater capacity for implantation.

> Upon the completion of the testing, a detailed genetic report is generated and forwarded to your physician for further evaluation and discussion within 7 working days from receipt of samples.

PGT-SR Plus is our most advanced 4-in-1 genetic test that incorporates both NGS and SNP analysis to increase accuracy and confidence for embryo transfer. In addition to screening for imbalances detected by PGT-SR, PGT-SR Plus includes the following features:

Ploidy assessment:

PGT-SR Plus enables the detection of both haploidy and triploidy, ensuring the selection of embryos with the correct chromosome content.

In addition, PGT-SR Plus increases the number of viable euploid embryos available for transfer by detection true 2PN (diploid) embryos from 0PN, 1PN and 2.1/3PN embryos that may not otherwise be considered for transfer.

Cohort Check – Sibling QC:

Provides assurance that the tested embryos within a cohort are genetically related to each other.

Contamination:

Our testing process includes measures to detect both external cell DNA and maternal cell contamination increasing the accuracy and confidence of the testing process and significantly reducing the risk of misdiagnosis.

This analysis can reduce the risk of misdiagnosis and provide additional reassurance about the IVF process.

Who should consider PGT-SR?

PGT-SR is indicated for any couple in which one member has been identified to carry a balanced structural rearrangement, such as a:

> Reciprocal translocation

> Inversion

> Robertsonian translocation

The presence of a structural rearrangement increases the risk of creating embryos with chromosomal imbalances.

PGT-SR may be indicated when other structural abnormalities, such as ring chromosomes, are identified in the patient. Evaluation of the karyotype by Igenomix is required.

Main benefits:

PGT-SR significantly reduces the likelihood of transferring an embryo with an unbalanced structural rearrangement, and therefore:

> Increases pregnancy rates per transfer:
Selecting chromosomally normal embryos can increase the rate of pregnancy after transfer.

> Reduces miscarriage rate:
The risk for chromosomal abnormalities in embryos is higher when one partner carries a balanced structural rearrangement. The risk for miscarriage is reduced if a euploid embryo is transferred.

> Increases the likelihood of having a healthy baby:
Depending on the size of the resulting imbalances and the chromosomes involved, the presence of an unbalanced structural rearrangement could result in a baby with varying degrees of intellectual disability/birth defects.

> Reduces the time and use of resources:
Increases the chances for successful transfer by selecting embryos with the highest reproductive potential, reducing the time and costs of extra transfer cycles.

The limitations of PGT-SR include:

> The accuracy of this test is estimated to be 98%.

> PGT-SR cannot detect chromosomal imbalances that are smaller than the detection threshold of 6MB.

> PGT-SR and PGT-A cannot detect the balanced form of a structural rearrangement, in which there is no gain or loss of chromosome material. PGT-SR can only assess for unbalanced forms of a rearrangement.

> PGT-SR and PGT-A cannot detect uniparental disomy (UPD).

> PGT-SR and PGT-A do not directly assess for birth defects. There is a general risk of birth defects of 4-6% for any baby born following IVF treatment. Birth defects may be caused by genetic or non-genetic factors.

> PGT-SR and PGT-A cannot detect single gene disorders, such as cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, or Tay-Sachs disease.

> PGT-SR and PGT-A do not assess for multifactorial conditions, such as autism, schizophrenia, or diabetes.

PGT-M

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PGT-M Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Monogenic disorders

Prevent the transmission of single gene disorders to future children and achieve a healthy pregnancy

Igenomix has performed more than 1300 PGT-M cycles

Options for combined
PGT-M+PGT-A

Our PGT-M testing is 98% accurate.

What is PGT-M test?

> PGT-M (formerly PGD) is an early genetic diagnosis test for embryos produced during IVF, prior to their transfer to the uterus.

> By analysing DNA from each embryo, normal embryos can be preferentially selected to be transferred and begin the journey towards conceiving a healthy child.

What is the procedure?

 

Why should use PGT-M test?

> PGT-M is indicated for couples with personal or familial high-risk for single gene conditions including Cystic Fibrosis, Fragile-X syndrome, Muscular dystrophy,

> Huntington’s disease, and others.

Who should use PGT-M test?

> Patients who are undergoing an assisted reproduction treatment and have a personal or familial high-risk for single gene conditions. This risk may be identified due to:

> A family history of these conditions

> A positive carrier screening result

Test Limitations

> Limitations of PGT-M can arise from the IVF treatment itself. For example, poor ovarian stimulation can reduce the likelihood of identifying a healthy embryo, since PGT-M success is linked to the number of high-quality eggs and embryos produced in the cycle.

> PGT-M can be performed only if the disease-causing mutation or mutations have been identified, it cannot be performed if the genetic cause is unknown.

> PGT-M provides no guarantee of a completely healthy baby. If a couple is at high risk of transmitting a particular disease to their offspring, PGT-M significantly minimizes this risk. However, there remains a small risk of misdiagnosis due to technical limitations, such as contamination, recombination and ADO. Couples should always be offered the possibility of prenatal diagnosis to confirm results. It is important to know that PGT-M will test for the specific mutation requested, but no other genes or mutations are analyzed, even if they are located within the same gene.

> The test does not guarantee the complete health of the baby.

  • A previous affected child

EMBRACE

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EMBRACE: Embryo Analysis of Culture Environment

A non-invasive test for prioritizing embryo transfer that avoids invasive embryo biopsy, potentially increasing accessibility for a wider patient population.

A non-invasive solution for patients leading to safer, more efficient IVF treatment

Avoids embryo biopsies, and therefore reduces costs

Increases accessibility for a wider population of patients.

What is EMBRACE test?

> EMBRACE is a non-invasive test for prioritizing embryo transfer that avoids invasive embryo biopsy, thereby potentially increasing accessibility for a wider patient population.

> EMBRACE scores embryos according to their probability of being healthy and viable based on chromosomal information.

> The recent identification of embryo cell-free DNA in spent blastocyst media opened a new era of possibilities for non-invasive embryo aneuploidy testing in assisted reproductive technologies.

> During in-vitro embryo development, embryo cell-free DNA is released into the culture medium, with higher concentrations as the number of cells increases at blastocyst stage.

> Spent blastocyst medium containing the embryo cell-free DNA can be analyzed by next generation sequencing (NGS), representing a non-invasive approach to estimate the chromosome copy number of the blastocyst without the need for trophectoderm biopsy.

What is the procedure?

Why use EMBRACE test?

> It avoids embryo biopsies and therefore reduces costs, making it accessible to a greater number of people.

> A non-invasive solution for patients, leading to safer, more efficient IVF treatment.

Who should use EMBRACE?

> Any patients who wish to increase their chances of pregnancy without using invasive biopsy procedures.

Test limitations and considerations:

> Currently, the concordance rate of this test with invasive biopsy procedures is 78.2%. Concordance means the chance that the non-invasive test results match with the results of embryo biopsy, though there is no guarantee that results from embryo biopsy are always correct. These data are from ongoing clinical trials currently in progress at Igenomix.

> The embryos never leave your clinic; the genetics laboratory only receives a sample of the culture medium in which the embryos have been grown. This liquid is considered waste and always disposed of once treatment has finished.

> The test is valid only when embryos have been grown to 6 or 7 days of age and are at the blastocyst stage.

> On rare occasions, genetic testing cannot be carried out because of insufficient DNA in the culture media or poor-quality DNA.

> In some cases, additional genetic assessment may be needed, which might include an embryo biopsy.

Baby Gender

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Baby Gender

Baby Gender helps your patients achieve their family balancing goals.

24-hour reporting using advanced NGS technology.

Result is 99% accurate.

CAP Accreditated.

What is Baby Gender test?

> Baby Gender test is used alongside in-vitro fertilization (IVF) to screen 5 most common abnormalities in embryos that is chromosome 21, 18, 13, X and Y.

> The abnormalities are identified as chromosome 21 – Down Syndrome, 18 – Edwards Syndrome, 13 – Patau Syndrome.

> The information obtained also provides the details of the gender of the embryo prior to transfer to help couples fulfil their family planning desires.

What is the procedure?

 

Why use Baby Gender test?

We use the most advanced technology, NGS (Next-Generation Sequencing) to perform the Baby Gender test:

> Rapid technology allowing embryos to be transferred in fresh (Day 3 embryos)

> Our technology and experience allows to analyze 5 most critical chromosomes 21, 18, 13, X and Y in a 12-hour procedure which provides results in more than 99% of cases.

> Most accurate determination of gender of the embryos along with higher pregnancy success rate as it eradicates the leading cause of the IVF Failure (chromosomal abnormality)

Who should use Baby Gender test?

> it is indicated for couples who wish to know the gender of their baby.

> Female patients over age 35

> Patients interested in selecting the best embryo for an elective Single Embryo Transfer or SET and avoid multiple pregnancies

> Patients who already have a child with a chromosomal abnormality or had a previous pregnancy with a chromosomal abnormality issue

PGT-A

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PGT-A Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidies

Improves the chances of reproductive success by selecting chromosomally normal embryos

Proprietary Artificial
Intelligence algorithm

98% accuracy

Superior reviews from
independent studies

What is PGT-A test?

> PGT-A (formerly PGS) is a genetic test performed on embryos to identify numerical chromosomal abnormalities (aneuploidy).

> Our PGT-A uses Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), which allows us to analyze all 24 chromosomes. Chromosomal abnormalities are detected prior to embryo transfer to enable informed decisions and increase pregnancy success.

Clinical outcomes with and without PGT-A based on SART 2016 public database
 

What is the Procedure?

Why use PGT-A Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidies?

> Increases pregnancy rates per transfer:
Selecting normal embryos can increase the pregnancy chances after transfer

> Reduction in miscarriage rate:
In the general population, 25% of all clinical pregnancies end in miscarriage, the vast majority of which are due to aneuploidy

> Increase in the likelihood of having a healthy baby:
Some pregnancies with chromosomal anomalies can give rise to the birth of baby with a serious illness

> Reduction in time and necessary resources:
The time and resources necessary to achieve a pregnancy are reduced

> Reduces risk of multiple pregnancy:
A SET significantly reduces the likelihood of a twin pregnancy

Who should use PGT-A?

> PGT-A is particularly important for patients over 35, as aneuploidy rate increases with maternal age from approximately 52% at maternal age under 35, to approximately 80%, at age 42.

> PGT-A also can greatly reduce the likelihood of a patient having a multiple-gestation pregnancy by choosing a Single Embryo Transfer (SET).

Test limitations

PGT-A does not test for:

> Birth defects
> Inherited single gene disorders, such as cystic fibrosis or Tay-Sachs disease
> Multifactorial conditions, including autism
> Adult-onset conditions such as diabetes or Alzheimer´s disease
> Physical and mental traits, such as intelligence or athleticism
> Microdeletions/microduplications

As with most tests, PGT-A has some limitations:

1. Accuracy is ~98%

> False positive: There is a small chance an embryo could be excluded unnecessarily

> False negative: There is a small chance that an embryo diagnosed as normal could still be chromosomally abnormal

2. PGT-A tests only the samples produced by embryo biopsy, not whole embryos

3. PGT-A does not detect structural abnormalities that do not involve gains or losses of genetic material. Additionally, the following cannot be detected:

> Chromosome losses/gains bellow 10Mb,

> Low level of mosaicism (<30%)

> Uniparental disomy (UDP)

> Defects affecting the complete set of chromosomes (haploidy, triploidy)

Follow-up prenatal testing is recommended to confirm the results of PGT-A.

There is a chance of unforeseeable problems with transportation, such as weather and air travel issues, or other circumstances beyond the control of Igenomix that may delay the reporting of results.

In a small percentage of cases, genetic testing cannot be performed due to improper biopsy techniques, loss of biopsied cells, or poor DNA quality.

ALICE

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ALICE Analysis of Infectious Chronic Endometritis

ALICE detects the bacteria causing chronic endometritis to improve your patient’s reproductive prognosis

20% of infertility is caused by the endometrial factor.

Chronic endometritis affects up to 30% of infertile patients.

In cases of RIF or recurrent pregnancy loss, chronic endometritis can rise to 66%

What is ALICE test?

> ALICE is a test that detects pathogenic bacteria and recommends adequate treatment.

> Pathogenic bacteria cause chronic endometritis, which is linked to implantation failure and recurrent miscarriage.

> In cases of repeated implantation failure or recurrent pregnancy loss, chronic endometritis can rise to 66%.

What is the procedure?

> ALICE can be performed on a small piece of an endometrial biopsy.
 

Why use ALICE?

> ALICE is a diagnostic test to detect and quantify the most common pathogenic bacteria causing chronic endometritis, recommending appropriate antibiotic and probiotic treatment

> ALICE uses the latest Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology to provide microbiome information in endometrial tissue by analysing the abundance of specific bacteria causing chronic endometritis

> Using NGS allows the identification of culturable and nonculturable endometrial pathogens associated with chronic endometritis

> If the ALICE test is positive, the report will focus on the detection of the specific bacteria causing the condition

> A recommendation of the most appropriate antibiotics is made based on the bacteria detected.

> Microbiology counselling is available

 

Who should use ALICE?

> ALICE can be beneficial for any patient wishing to conceive, by assessing the microbiological environment that the embryo will encounter at implantation.

> ALICE may also be beneficial for patients with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss or recurrent implantation failure because chronic endometritis has been linked to these events.

Test limitations

> This test is not able to detect resistance to antibiotics.

> ALICE only detects the presence of pathogens associated with Chronic Endometritis. A negative result doesn’t rule out the presence of other endometrial pathogens.

> This test is not 100% accurate at determining the bacterial species.